Galaxite R140320
Name: Galaxite
RRUFF ID: R140320
Ideal Chemistry: Mn2+Al2O4
Locality: Bald Knob deposit, Bald Knob, Sparta, Alleghany County, North Carolina, USA
Source: Lyle Gordon [view label]
Owner: RRUFF
Description: Dark red-brown granular crystals, associated with alleghanyite, psilomelane, and jacobsite
Status: The identification of this mineral is confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and chemical analysis.
Mineral Group: [ Spinel (66) ]
CHEMISTRY 
RRUFF ID: R140320.2
Sample Description: Microprobe Fragment
Measured Chemistry: (Mn0.94Mg0.06Co0.02)(Al1.61Fe3+0.38)O4
Microprobe Data File: [ Download Excel File ]
RAMAN SPECTRUM 
RRUFF ID:
Sample Description: Unoriented sample
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BROAD SCAN WITH SPECTRAL ARTIFACTS
RRUFF ID: R140320
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Sample Description: Unoriented sample
Instrument settings: Thermo Almega XR 532nm @ 100% of 150mW
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Raman Data (Processed)
RRUFF File
POWDER DIFFRACTION 
RRUFF ID: R140320.9
Sample Description: Single crystal, powder profile is calculated
Cell Refinement Output: a: 8.2716(12)Å    b: 8.2716(12)Å    c: 8.2716(12)Å
alpha: 90°    beta: 90°    gamma: 90°   Volume: 565.94(4)Å3    Crystal System: cubic
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REFERENCES for Galaxite

American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database Record: [view record]

Anthony J W, Bideaux R A, Bladh K W, and Nichols M C (1990) Handbook of Mineralogy, Mineral Data Publishing, Tucson Arizona, USA, by permission of the Mineralogical Society of America. [view file]

Ross C S, Kerr P F (1932) The manganese minerals of a vein near Bald Knob, North Carolina, American Mineralogist, 17, 1-18   [view file]

Essene E J, Peacor D R (1983) Crystal chemistry and petrology of coexisting galaxite and jacobsite and other spinel solutions and solvi, American Mineralogist, 68, 449-455   [view file]

Lucchesi S, Russo U, Della Giusta A (1997) Crystal chemistry and cation distribution in some Mn-rich natural and synthetic spinels, European Journal of Mineralogy, 9, 31-42

Beard J S, Tracy R J (2002) Spinels and other oxides in Mn-rich rocks from the Hutter Mine, Pittsylvania County, Virginia, U.S.A.: implications for miscibility and solvus relations among jacobsite, galaxite, and magnetite, American Mineralogist, 87, 690-698   [view file]

Hålenius U, Bosi F, Skogby H (2007) Galaxite, MnAl2O4, a spectroscopic standard for tetrahedrally coordinated Mn2+ in oxygen-based mineral structures, American Mineralogist, 92, 1225-1231

Stokes T N, Bromiley G D, Diego Gatta G, Rotiroti N, Potts N J, Saunders K (2018) Cation distribution and valence in synthetic Al-Mn-O and Fe-Mn-O spinels under varying fO2 conditions, Mineralogical Magazine, 82, 975-992

Bosi F, Biagioni C, Pasero M (2019) Nomenclature and classification of the spinel supergroup, European Journal of Mineralogy, 31, 183-192   [view file]